This lecture examines the history of architecture from a philosophic perspective, showing how each era's architecture reflects the culture's prevailing sense of life. Beginning with the late Renaissance, as architecture became mired in the superficial imitation of historical forms, the course focuses on the rise and fall of modern architecture, from its roots in the 18th century, to its birth in 19th-century America, to the European reaction to Modernism. Finally, the course shows architecture's 20th-century collapse into subjectivism and asks what is needed to place the ideal of a rational architecture on a firm foundation.