From an anthropomorphic polytheism found throughout much of the ancient world, the Greeks developed deism, atheism and the transcendental theism that would forever transform and characterize the Western monotheistic religions. This talk will survey and explore the reasons for the extraordinary transformations that occurred in the Greeks’ conception of the gods in the relatively short span of four centuries: from Homer and Hesiod to Plato, Aristotle, and other philosophers of the 4th century BCE.